Orientamenti religiosi della poesia dell'India dalle origini vediche alla "Scuola delle ombre" della letteratura hindî

Abstract

The paper outlines the religious trend of Indian literature and, particularly, of Indian poetry (kâvya) from its Vedic origins to the hindî Châyâvâd literary movement of the XXth century. It is mostly a kind of poetry that reveals a strong speculative character and involves a deep research of truth through the contemplation of the Unknown. In this perspective poetry becomes a means of spiritual realization. Human love is obviously a preferential theme of kâvya, but it matches an equally deep love for wisdom and renunciation of worldly pleasures and, in any case, appears to be sublimated in the fervent expressions of bhakti or devotional attitude towards the Divine Beloved. At last Mahâdevî Varmâ’s lines express the idea that it is possible to reach release through poetry, that is within an aesthetic experience; in other words, there is a particular mokïa for the poet, as speech becomes to him a chance to attain the supreme and final goal of life.