Bhakti, dharma e vairāgya nell’agiografia di Pīpā

Pinuccia Caracchi

doi:10.13135/1825-263X/3698

Pinuccia Caracchi University of Turin

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13135/1825-263X/3698

Keywords: Pīpā, Sītā Sahcarī, Hindī hagiography, bhakti, dharma, vairāgya, sevā

Abstract

Pīpā was the rājā of Gagraun in Rājashān in XV century. According to his hagiography, he went to Banāras, following a divine inspiration, and became disciple of Rāmānanda. He left his kingdom together with his youngest wife, the beautiful Sītā, for living the poor and ascetic life of a sādhu. His sādhanā consisted mainly in humble service of bhakta-s, sādhu-s and poor. Although the figure of Pīpā does not have a great relevance in the history of Indian religions, nor in Hindī literature as a sant-poet, his very adventurous life inspired the hagiographers, so that his legend is one of the more extended and widespread of North Indian hagiography. This article focuses mainly on Bhaktamāl and its two main commentaries. The critical analysis of Pīpā and Sītā’s hagiography reveals how in “bhakti religion” the concepts of dharma and vairāgya were reformulated and entirely subordinated to bhakti. Moreover, the doctrine of the identity of bhakta and Bhagavān is a fundamental key for understanding how, in bhakti movements and, consequently, in hagiography, bhakta-sevā becomes the meeting point of bhakti, dharma and vairāgya, as in the story of Pīpā and Sītā Sahcarī.

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Author Biography

Pinuccia Caracchi, University of Turin

Pinuccia Caracchi is professor of Hindī Language and Literature at the University of Turin. Her main research field is medieval Hindī literature, particularly focussing on the sant-s and the Rāmcaritmānas, but she has also published essays on different aspects of Hinduism. Her main publications are Grammatica hindī (Torino 1992, VIII ed. 2015) and Rāmānanda. Un guru tra storia e leggenda (Alessandria 2017).

She can be reached at: pinuccia.caracchi@unito.it.

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Sitografia

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aUg8MPazxm8 (ultimo accesso 8.8.2019).

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kjDM3s6dwxA (ultimo accesso 8.8.2019).